The school system in NRW

An overview

North Rhine-Westphalia offers a diverse and permeable school system. It accompanies children and young people from school entry to graduation - and beyond. It begins with the four-year Grundschule. This is followed by various types of secondary school, which enable different educational paths - from practical training to university studies. The aim is to open up suitable learning paths for every child - regardless of their background, talent or need for support. The system is flexible: school changes and individual support are possible. This allows children and young people to shape their path according to their strengths and interests.

Compulsory schooling and entry

Compulsory schooling begins with enrolment in Grundschulen (primary level). It usually lasts 10 years and comprises Grundschule and a lower secondary school.

Weiterführende Schulen ab Klasse 5

After Grundschulen, there are various types of school to choose from. The classic model is the three-tier school system, consisting of:

• Hauptschulepractice-oriented, graduation after grade 9 or 10.

• Realschule: vermittelt eine erweiterte Allgemeinbildung, Abschluss nach Klasse 10.

• Gymnasiumleads classically to the general higher education entrance qualification (Abitur).

In addition, there are schools for longer joint learning, which combine various educational programs under one roof:

• Gesamtschuleoffers all qualifications, longer joint learning up to grade 10 or 13.

• Sekundarschule: teaches Hauptschule and Realschule qualifications, some with upper secondary schooling.

These types of school enable individual educational paths without having to commit to a degree at an early stage.

Secondary level II

After year 10, students have the option of transferring to the gymnasiale Oberstufe or a Berufskolleg. There, students can obtain a Fachhochschulreife or Abitur or combine school and vocational education.

Berufskollegs and further education

Berufskollegs offer a variety of paths: from secondary school leaving certificate to A-levels - often combined with vocational qualifications.

Adults who want to catch up on their school-leaving qualifications or continue their education can apply for a Weiterbildungskolleg visit. Here it is possible to obtain a secondary school leaving certificate, intermediate school leaving certificate or Abitur - while working and often with pedagogical support.

Private schools

In addition to public schools, there are also privately run schools. They are subject to state supervision and often offer special educational concepts.